Agilent 1200 

Isocratic pumps are designed to deliver a single solvent for HPLC applications where the mobile phase composition remains constant, with the eluent being pre-mixed. Isocratic pumps can offer high reliability and low operating and maintenance costs for labs on a tight budget.

As isocratic pumps uses a single pump block and solvent inlet line, they are ideal for QA/QC analysis with refractive index detection. They are used in Gel Permeation Chromatography and Size Exclusion chromatography (GPC/SEC) applications when a high degree of precision in retention times is required for accurate molecular weight distribution characterization. In labs that desire an isocratic pump for high-performance HPLC or similar applications, a dual-piston isocratic pump is typically recommended.

A binary pump combines two solvents to create a gradient typically using two independent pumps, each handling a specific solvent. These solvents are then mixed in a chamber after being pressurized by the pumps, resulting in a high-pressure mixing environment for the two solvents. Binary pumps are popular for HPLC applications, since high-pressure mixing has a lower gradient delay volume than quaternary pumps. This allows the mobile phase changes to reach the column faster. A traditional binary gradient uses an aqueous solvent/buffer as mobile phase A (pump A) and an organic solvent as mobile phase B (pump B). It is often used in high-throughput, high-resolution HPLC, UHPLC, or LC-MS applications.

A quaternary pump system uses a single pump to deliver the mobile phase, with gradient formation managed by a proportioning valve that mixes up to four solvents before they reach the pump head. Quaternary systems are very versatile with their wide flow range, high-pressure capabilities, and access to four solvents, making them suitable for various research, and method development applications.

The difference between a quaternary system and a binary system is that the quaternary system is mixed under low-pressure (low-pressure mixing), while the binary system is mixed under high-pressure (high-pressure mixing). The design of the quaternary pump requires slightly longer re-equilibration times compared to a binary system. Since the mixing occurs after the proportioning valve, a larger dwell volume than a binary pump can be observed. Quaternary and Binary systems also require the degassing of solvents before mixing. Online degassers are typically used for mobile phase degassing.

The preparative pump is a high-pressure gradient pump used for HPLC purification separations. The pump is engineered with a dual-piston, rapid-refill design, to ensure continuous use at very high flow rates of up to 50 mL/min. This high-pressure gradient allows operation without a degasser while also allowing for very high retention time stability and gradient compositional stability. This makes preparative pumps very useful for routine operations, especially for chromatographic purification of large quantities of high-purity compounds within a relatively short timeframe.

The capillary pump is a high-pressure gradient pump that operates at low flow rates of 1 ul/min to over 100 ul/min in capillary mode and can run up to 2.5 ml/min in standard mode. This greater control and flexibility at very low flow rates makes it ideally suited for capillary LC and LC/MS application, where sample volumes and higher sensitivity methods are needed such as in pharmaceutical and medical laboratories.

The nano pump is a high-pressure gradient pump that operates at very low flow rates of around 0.1 ul/min to 1 ul/min, supporting lower flow rates than the capillary pump. This very low flow rate is suited for capillary LC and LC/MS applications, when lower sample volumes are required than the capillary pump. This makes it ideal for very high sensitivity methods found in pharmaceutical and medical laboratories.

The thermostated autosampler is a variant on the standard autosampler, with the standard 1 ul to 100 ul per injection as well a 100-vial sample tray combined with the ability to be used alongside an autosampler thermostat. The ALS thermostat has a temperature range of 4 to 40 °C. This allows for the cooling of samples within the sample tray, allowing for the usage of samples that are too volatile for analysis at room temperature.

The well plate autosampler is designed for being used in high precision liquid chromatography. This autosampler is engineered to minimize dispersion, and delay volume, while also increasing sample injection speed and resolution. These features combined with two 384-well plates, allows for the automatic processing of any samples your lab requires.

The micro-well plate autosampler is designed for being used in high precision liquid chromatography, with sample volumes from nL to uL. This autosampler is engineered to minimize dispersion, and delay volume, while also increasing sample injection speed and resolution. These features combined with two 384-well plates, allows for the automatic processing of any samples your lab requires.

The preparative autosampler is designed to be used for the handling of sampling within HPLC purification operations. The autosampler, with its flow through vialsampler, allows for flow rate of up to 200ml/min at 400 bars. This combined with the 5mL injection volume per injection, makes this autosampler very useful for routine operations, such as the chromatographic purification of large quantities of high-purity compounds within a relatively short timeframe.

The HPLC Variable Wavelength Detector (VWD) is designed to enhance detector sensitivity through its use of optical technology to reduce baseline drift and broaden linear range. The VWD can be used to facilitate the quantification of complex samples, which can include primary and secondary products, along with sample impurities. The VWD contains a deuterium lamp which provides optimal detection across a 190-600 nm wavelength, with a double beam photometer ensuring minimal baseline noise and stability. The VWD also offers programmable wavelength switching which allows for users to optimize sensitivity and selectivity to each analyte’s elution profile, as well as stop-flow wavelength scanning which allows for rapid wavelength optimization.

The Diode Array Detector (DAD) is an essential instrument for integrating spectral acquisition into HPLC analyses. This detector’s use of spectral libraries, as well as multiple signal detection, and peak purity assessments allows for the enhancement of analytical qualification. This combined with a deuterium and tungsten dual-lamp system offers superior sensitivity, over a wide range from 190 nm to 950 nm. The DAD is also equipped with 1024 diodes and 1 nm slits, which provides exceptional spectral resolution for your analysis. The slits are also programmable, allowing for rapid sample characterization, which enables for the precise adjustments to optimize sensitivity and reduce baseline noise. These properties within the DAD makes it a versatile and high-performance tool for detailed spectral analysis.

The Diode Array Detector (DAD) is an essential instrument for integrating spectral acquisition into HPLC analyses. This detector’s use of spectral libraries, as well as multiple signal detection, and peak purity assessments allows for the enhancement of analytical qualification. This combined with a deuterium and tungsten dual-lamp system offers superior sensitivity, over a wide range from 190 nm to 950 nm. The DAD is also equipped with 1024 diodes and 1 nm slits, which provides exceptional spectral resolution for your analysis. The slits are also programmable, allowing for rapid sample characterization, which enables for the precise adjustments to optimize sensitivity and reduce baseline noise. These properties within the DAD makes it a versatile and high-performance tool for detailed spectral analysis.

The Multi-Wavelength Detector (MWD) is designed to deliver exceptional sensitivity for both single and multiple wavelength detection. Featuring a deuterium and tungsten lamp, the detector covers a broad wavelength range from 190 nm to 950 nm, allowing for superior detection limits during analysis. Its diode array design also supports the simultaneous acquisition of up to eight compound-specific wavelengths, enhancing sensitivity and selectivity. The MWD contains a programable slit which allows for the rapid optimization of detector sensitivity, linearity, and spectral resolution when analyzing samples. The MWD differs from the DAD in that you cannot acquire spectra, perform peak purity, or develop spectral libraries for compounds.

Refractive Index Detector (RID) can continuously operate through its automatic solvent recycling and autopurge features, making it ideal for its high performance and ease of maintenance. The detector is also equipped with a built-in refractive index calibration and an automatic light control circuit, to ensure optimal performance at all times.

The RID is typically used for analyzing substances in samples that do not absorb visible light, such as lipids, polymers, and carbohydrates. This makes them ideal for the analysis of complex samples such as in pharmaceutical and medical laboratories. The RID is limited to isocratic analysis and cannot tolerate mobile phase changes that are characteristic of gradients.

The Fluorescence Detector (FLD) is a common detector for HPLC analysis. The analytes can be detected if they have a natural florescence (fluorophore) or can be derivatized (tagged) with a fluorescent molecule allowing for detection. The FLD can scan for excitation and emission wavelengths to optimize selectivity and sensitivity. It employs simultaneous multi-wavelength detection allowing for multi-chromatogram acquisition in one injection. This detector facilitates the acquisition of fluorescence spectra in a single run, allowing for selective separation quality of analytes.

The Fluorescence Detector (FLD) is a common detector for HPLC analysis. The analytes can be detected if they have a natural florescence (fluorophore) or can be derivatized (tagged) with a fluorescent molecule allowing for detection. The FLD can scan for excitation and emission wavelengths to optimize selectivity and sensitivity. It employs simultaneous multi-wavelength detection allowing for multi-chromatogram acquisition in one injection. This detector facilitates the acquisition of fluorescence spectra in a single run, allowing for selective separation quality of analytes.

The Evaporative Light Scattering Detector (ELSD) is becoming more widely used in High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The use of ELSD allows for the identification of non-volatile analytes without relying on the highly used family (DAD, MWD VWD etc.) UV absorption detectors. By thoroughly nebulizing the target analytes into a fine spray, and then heating the spray to isolate the compounds from the volatile mobile phase. Once the mobile phase has been evaporated, the properties of the analytes are measured using light scattering. As a result, ELSD can operate with UV-absorbent solvents, offering broad applicability for labs.